Open Access Publishing

Increasingly expensive access to full texts of scientific publications and triple payment (researcher's work, research equipment, publishing and access to what is published) made traditional publishing on the one hand too expensive and on the other unaffordable for all those who could not afford it. This was resisted by scientists and funders alike. The Open access, which has expanded into open science, and most funders require making results from publicly funded research openly and immediately available.

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